Technical topic: TASTE on MSP430 with FreeRTOS
This page describes how FreeRTOS support was added to TASTE.
Contents
Hardware Description
This article describes steps of adding support for MSP-430 platform using MSP43FR5969 processor as example. The MSP430FR5969 LaunchPad Development Kit was used for testing purposes.
Microcontroller's parameters:
- 16-bit RISC architecture;
- 16‑MHz Clock;
- 64KB FRAM / 2KB SRAM.
On this very limited platform using PolyORB-HI-Ada or PolyORB-HI-C is impossible, due to memory requirements. In the next sections the different approach of code generation is described.
New execution platform
Add new platform Platform_MSP430_FreeRTOS to TASTE. Follow instructions from Technical topic: Add a new target platform to TASTE.
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Source code generation for Concurrency View
The Concurrency View code is responsible for initialization of devices, drivers, threads and other structures. The created structures are responsible for passing information between functions and thread synchronization. Generally this code is generated by Ocarina. The generated code uses PolyORB-HI-Ada or PolyORB-HI-C as a middleware.
Kazoo templates for Concurrency View has parameters, which describes threads, mutexes, functions, etc. and relations between them. These parameters may be used to generate code without PolyORB-HI-Ada or PolyORB-HI-C. This section described this approach.
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Mapping of TASTE structures
TASTE InterfaceView: Function: every function has initialization function and mutex. Interfaces:
- cyclic: cyclic interface has dedicated thread with timer and queue;
- sporadic: sporadic interface has dedicated thread and queue for input requests;
- protected: protected interface locks function mutex before calling actual implementation;
- unprotected: no mutex, only function wrapper is generated.
Every queue has length property.
TASTE ConcurrencyView: Every thread has StackSize property and Priority.
TASTE DeploymentView: Every node has optional devices.
The threads will be mapped to FreeRTOS Tasks. Task has own stack, priority and main function.
The communication and synchronization between tasks will be realised using queues and semaphores or mutexes.
Cyclic provided interfaces of functions will be implemented using software timers.
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Gathering FreeRTOS source files
The FreeRTOS source files must be present in the partition source directory before compilation. There are two possible solutions:
- embed FreeRTOS source files in kazoo templates;
- create template that generates shell script, which copies requires FreeRTOS files from known location.
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main.c
To generate this file, the new Concurrency View subdirectory should be created. This file is a entry point, the function main for partition on MSP430. This file should be responsible for intialization of FreeRTOS primitives like tasks and queues. The device drivers should be initialized here. The main.c should also contain all necessary functions and other structures, which are required by FreeRTOS.
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Function wrappers
The wrappers around provided interfaces of the functions will be generated in files build/<node name>/<partition name>/freertos_interface.{c,h}. The responsibilities of wrapper function is:
- acquire lock on mutex before calling the function if provided interface is protected if necessary;
- send #Requests to other partitions.
As a base for templates following subdirectories will be used: pohic_wrappers_body and pohic_wrappers_header.
Requests
This file will be contains structures responsible for communication between other partitions. As a prototype for this template, the files request.c and request.h, currently generated by Ocarina, will be used.
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Marshallers
This file will be contain function responsible for decoding and encoding #Requests. As a prototype for this template, the files marshallers.c and marshallers.h, currently generated by Ocarina will be used.
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Subprograms
This file will be contain functions corresponding to subprograms for #Device drivers. As a prototype for this template, the files subprograms.c and subprograms.h, currently generated by Ocarina will be used.
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Activity
This file will be contain activities like, waiting for events or queues and calling functions responsible for realization of provided interfaces. As a prototype for this template, the files activity.c and activity.h, currently generated by Ocarina will be used.
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FreeRTOSConfig.h
To generate this file, the new concurrency_view subdirectory should be created.
The file FreeRTOSConfig.h contains configuration for FreeRTOS. This file defines a set of macros. Example macros are presented in table below:
Macro name | Description |
---|---|
configTICK_RATE_HZ
|
Used to configure tick frequency for scheduler |
configMAX_PRIORITIES
|
Used to configure max priority of the task |
configGENERATE_RUN_TIME_STATS
|
Used to enable or disable run time statistics |
configTOTAL_HEAP_SIZE
|
Used to configure total heap size |
configMINIMAL_STACK_SIZE
|
Uset to configure minimal stack size |
Some macros, like configTICK_RATE_HZ
, will be generated based on kazoo template parameters.
FreeRTOSConfig.h will be used for tailoring FreeRTOS for TASTE purposes. For an example to disable coroutines following line will be added:
#define configUSE_CO_ROUTINES ( 0 )
Or to do not include FreeRTOS function to compilation to reduce memory usage:
#define INCLUDE_vTaskDelete ( 1 )
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Modification in Makefiles and GNAT Project Manager files
The source code files generated by kazoo, should be compiled.
For this purpose the kazoo template should be created based on existing template for other platform, e.g. c_pohi_gpr
.
$ cd ~/tool-src/kazoo/templates/concurrency_view $ cp -r c_pohi_gpr freertos_msp430_gpr
Within new subdirectory, the file partition.tmplt is the main file responsible for generation of .gpr file, but other files, like trigger.tmplt, should be changed. The generated file is responsible for building partition. The main modification in partition.tmplt is exclusion of PolyORB files from compilation and inclusion of source files generated for FreeRTOS partition. This file should also include FreeRTOS source files and source code for device drivers.
Another modification in this file is introduction of C compiler for MPS430 platform: msp430-elf-gcc
.
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Device drivers
The devices and their drivers are described in file ocarina_components.aadl. This file describes subprograms required by device drivers. The device drivers for MSP430 and FreeRTOS will be implemented independly using driver library for MSP430FR5969.
ocarina_components.aadl
The file ocarina_components.aadl is part of the taste-setup project. On the Taste VM the location of this file is /home/taste/tool-src/install/misc/aadl-library/ocarina_components.aadl.
Adding new bus
To add new bus or implementation of bus add entry to the package ocarina_buses. For the MSP430 the new bus implementation serial.minimal was added.
Adding new drivers
To add new device add entry to the package ocarina_drivers Fot MSP430 two devices was added.
UART
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