Difference between revisions of "MSC tutorial"

From TASTE
Jump to: navigation, search
(Message)
 
(6 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 14: Line 14:
 
* For the observation and recording of the actual system behaviour  
 
* For the observation and recording of the actual system behaviour  
  
The following sections present the language semantics and syntax, and the use of MSC within TASTE.
+
The following sections present the language semantics and syntax, as they are used within TASTE
  
 
= Basic MSC Concepts =
 
= Basic MSC Concepts =
Line 57: Line 57:
 
  data DataView.asn;
 
  data DataView.asn;
 
  msg Change_Mode : (System-Modes);
 
  msg Change_Mode : (System-Modes);
 +
 +
In this example, the file DataView.asn contains the following definition:
 +
 +
System-Modes ::= ENUMERATED { safe, operational, calibration }
 +
  
 
''NOTE: the MSC standard allows other notations and in principle the message parameters could take any form, including informal text - however from a tool standpoint, parsers require to rely on a well-defined notation so ASN.1 is used in practice.''
 
''NOTE: the MSC standard allows other notations and in principle the message parameters could take any form, including informal text - however from a tool standpoint, parsers require to rely on a well-defined notation so ASN.1 is used in practice.''
 
  
 
== Conditions ==
 
== Conditions ==
Line 81: Line 85:
  
 
In this example the Operator sets a timer and reset (cancels) it if the "Acknowledged" message is received on time. The Mode manager instance sets a timer to let some time pass (the timer expires) before reaching the Safe mode and sending the Acknowledged message.
 
In this example the Operator sets a timer and reset (cancels) it if the "Acknowledged" message is received on time. The Mode manager instance sets a timer to let some time pass (the timer expires) before reaching the Safe mode and sending the Acknowledged message.
 +
 +
== Instance Creation ==
 +
 +
MSC can represent the dynamic creation of an instance from another instance. The instance can stop at any point in time.
 +
 +
:[[File:ClipCapIt-210224-151810.PNG]]
 +
 +
== Co-regions ==
 +
 +
Co-regions allow to specify that the ordering of messages received does not matter:
 +
 +
:[[File:ClipCapIt-210224-152443.PNG]]
 +
 +
== Comments ==
 +
 +
There are two kinds of comments : comments at chart level, and comments attached to one semantic element:
 +
 +
:[[File:ClipCapIt-210224-152944.PNG]]
 +
 +
= Advanced MSC Concepts =
 +
 +
It is possible to structure individual MSC scenarii to support more advanced and complex system specifications. The tree representation allows to specify MSCs with the following relationships
 +
 +
== AND ==
 +
 +
Express the fact that several MSCs execute in order (from left to right):
 +
 +
:[[File:ClipCapIt-210224-155416.PNG]]
 +
 +
 +
== OR ==
 +
 +
One of the branches will run (to completion). A condition symbol at the start of the MSC charts can indicate what triggers the branch.
 +
 +
:[[File:ClipCapIt-210224-155623.PNG]]
 +
 +
 +
== PARALLEL ==
 +
 +
MSC branches will run in parallel
 +
 +
:[[File:ClipCapIt-210224-160016.PNG]]
 +
 +
== REPEAT ==
 +
 +
Express a loop: the MSC will repeat itself after it completes
 +
 +
:[[File:ClipCapIt-210224-160218.PNG]]
 +
 +
In this example the MSC "Take Picture" will loop.
 +
 +
== EXCEPTION ==
 +
 +
Specify a MSC that will interrupt the one currently running (e.g. to model the reaction to a failure)
 +
 +
:[[File:ClipCapIt-210224-160431.PNG]]

Latest revision as of 15:35, 24 February 2021

Introduction

MSC stands for Message Sequence Chart and it is a standard from the ITU-T: https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-Z.120.

The MSC standard describes a language used to capture a system's operational scenarios in a formal way, with the support of both a textual and graphical representation.

This is an example of a basic MSC chart:

ClipCapIt-210224-141633.PNG

There are two major uses of MSC in a system development lifecycle:

  • For the specification of the expected behaviour of a system and production of validation material
  • For the observation and recording of the actual system behaviour

The following sections present the language semantics and syntax, as they are used within TASTE

Basic MSC Concepts

Basic MSC represent scenarios of operation that exhibit the system components and their interactions.

Environment

The environment of a system is represented by a box around the diagram. The environment corresponds to any entity that can send messages to the instances that are visible in the current MSC chart.

Instance

An instance in a MSC is represented by a box and a vertical line. It corresponds to a component of the system.

ClipCapIt-210224-142807.PNG

In its textual form, an instance is declared like this:

instance Ground_Segment;
...
endinstance;

Message

A message is a signal optionally containing parameters, and that corresponds to an asynchronous interaction between two instances.

ClipCapIt-210224-144707.PNG

In the textual form messages appear inside the two instance definitions being part of the communication (sender and receiver:

instance Operator;
  out Change_Mode(safe) to Mode_Manager;
endinstance;

instance Mode_Manager;
  in Change_Mode(safe) from Operator; 
endinstance;

The parameter of the message ("safe" in that example) follows the ASN.1 Value Notation syntax. The messages are all declared at the beginning of the MSC file and parameters reference a type declaration in an ASN.1 model:

language ASN.1;
data DataView.asn;
msg Change_Mode : (System-Modes);

In this example, the file DataView.asn contains the following definition:

System-Modes ::= ENUMERATED { safe, operational, calibration }


NOTE: the MSC standard allows other notations and in principle the message parameters could take any form, including informal text - however from a tool standpoint, parsers require to rely on a well-defined notation so ASN.1 is used in practice.

Conditions

Conditions are boxes that can appear either at the level of one instance, or shared between several instances. They can be used to specify a trigger for the MSC, or to specify anything related to the internal data of the component:

ClipCapIt-210224-145801.PNG


Actions

Actions are rectangular boxes allowing to specify what the instance does internally when it is triggered:

ClipCapIt-210224-150122.PNG

Timers

A timer can be set, reset, or can expire to specify time-related constraints:

ClipCapIt-210224-150732.PNG

In this example the Operator sets a timer and reset (cancels) it if the "Acknowledged" message is received on time. The Mode manager instance sets a timer to let some time pass (the timer expires) before reaching the Safe mode and sending the Acknowledged message.

Instance Creation

MSC can represent the dynamic creation of an instance from another instance. The instance can stop at any point in time.

ClipCapIt-210224-151810.PNG

Co-regions

Co-regions allow to specify that the ordering of messages received does not matter:

ClipCapIt-210224-152443.PNG

Comments

There are two kinds of comments : comments at chart level, and comments attached to one semantic element:

ClipCapIt-210224-152944.PNG

Advanced MSC Concepts

It is possible to structure individual MSC scenarii to support more advanced and complex system specifications. The tree representation allows to specify MSCs with the following relationships

AND

Express the fact that several MSCs execute in order (from left to right):

ClipCapIt-210224-155416.PNG


OR

One of the branches will run (to completion). A condition symbol at the start of the MSC charts can indicate what triggers the branch.

ClipCapIt-210224-155623.PNG


PARALLEL

MSC branches will run in parallel

ClipCapIt-210224-160016.PNG

REPEAT

Express a loop: the MSC will repeat itself after it completes

ClipCapIt-210224-160218.PNG

In this example the MSC "Take Picture" will loop.

EXCEPTION

Specify a MSC that will interrupt the one currently running (e.g. to model the reaction to a failure)

ClipCapIt-210224-160431.PNG